Confounding Factors for Hamilton’s Rule
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Modelling social evolution: the relative merits and limitations of a Hamilton's rule-based approach.
Lehmann & Keller (2006) convincingly argue that cooperation or altruism can evolve only when at least one of the following conditions are met: (i) cooperation has direct personal benefits, (ii) individuals are genetically related, (iii) individuals have information on the likely behaviour of others or (iv) individuals recognize other cooperators through a phenotypic label (green beard recogniti...
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Recently a number of authors have questioned both the validity and utility of inclusive fitness. One particular claim is that Hamilton’s rule applies only to additive games. Additive games represent a vanishingly small subset of all games and do not capture a number of interesting qualitative behaviours which are present in non-additive games. Thus, if these criticisms were correct, inclusive f...
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We offer a game-theoretic proof of Hamilton’s rule for the spread of altruism. For a simple case of siblings, we show that the rule can be derived as the outcome of a one-shot prisoner’s dilemma game between siblings.
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The evolution of social traits remains one of the most fascinating and feisty topics in evolutionary biology even after half a century of theoretical research. W. D. Hamilton shaped much of the field initially with his 1964 papers that laid out the foundation for understanding the effect of genetic relatedness on the evolution of social behavior. Early theoretical investigations revealed two cr...
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Hamilton’s Rule provides conditions for the evolutionary success of a gene. These conditions ensure that the gene is selfish in the sense described by Richard Dawkins (1976). By this very fact, inclusive fitness does not explain why the genome of a successful species consists of genes that predominantly cooperate in promoting the fitness of their carriers. Hamilton’s rule shows that prosocial a...
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